How Hackers Trick Their Way Into Your Digital Life
By TAIWO VICTORIA E. Cyberguard.buzz reporter As antivirus software, firewalls, and secure connections become more robust, security professionals warn that the biggest threat to cybersecurity is not a technical error—human error. Referred to as social engineering, attackers now are focusing on people instead of computers, employing psychological manipulations to trick victims into sharing confidential information. This trend-altering wake-up call is now especially fashionable in Nigeria, where fraudsters employ emotional lure, fictitious job offers, and impersonation as tools to swindle unsuspecting victims. From Facebook messages that claim to be from a once-lost friend, to the emails that can impersonate banks and school portals, cybercrooks are getting smart—and intimate. "Most people believe that hacking is all coding and cracking systems," says Lagos-based digital security analyst, Mr. Ikenna Osu. "But really, most of the attacks begin with a benign-looking message but one that has been crafted to deceive you." One of the best-known tricks is called phishing, when phishers send emails that impersonate trusted entities like banks, school officials, or even fellow classmates. They normally ask the user to "validate their account," "click a link," or "update their password." As soon as the user responds to the prompt, the perpetrator gains access to their personal details—often unknowingly to the victim. Pretexting is yet another method where the scammer creates a believable pretext for having a victim surrender information. An example is a scammer who phones and impersonates an approved network provider seeking a user's OTP or bank PIN "for verification purposes." The urgency and authoritative tone normally force victims to oblige without hesitation. Polytechnic students, who stay online for extensive periods of time for schoolwork and social use, are amongst the most sought after. Several have cited incidents where hackers successfully gained access into their social networking or email addresses by impersonating classmates or lecturers. Miss Adeoti Zainab, a Mass Communication student, shared her experience. "I got a WhatsApp message from someone who said he was my course representative. He said I had to fill out a Google form quickly so that I could enroll in a class. I did—and later realized it was a scam. My email had been hacked the same evening." Experts further opine that the lone defense for social engineering is awareness and caution. Users must be instructed to question suspicious messages, avoid providing confidential information through calls or DMs, and always verify the identity of the individual you are dealing with. "Technology can't protect you from what you voluntarily give," Mr. Osu explained. "That's why cybersecurity isn't just about strong passwords. It's about strong thinking." With AI-created messages and deepfake videos on the rise, the distinction between reality and artifice is becoming increasingly difficult to discern. Experts warn students and online users to remain informed, utilize two-factor authentication, and never give away confidential information unless absolutely certain of the originator.